中文
ENGLISHThe Tianjin Municipal Market Supervision Commission has issued a notice on the quality supervision a
发布时间：2023-08-09 22:41:04 来源： 德国森泉蓄电池
The Tianjin Municipal Market Supervision Commission has issued a notice on the quality supervision and random inspection of electric bicycles and related products in 2023.
According to reports, the Tianjin Municipal Market Supervision Commission has recently carried out the first round of quality supervision and spot checks on electric bicycles, electric bicycle batteries, electric bicycle lights, and electric bicycle reflectors in Tianjin. The specific situation is as follows:
1、 Basic information
（1） Overview of spot checks. The products involved in this supervision and random inspection include electric bicycles, electric bicycle batteries, electric bicycle lights, and electric bicycle reflectors. A total of 160 batches of products were randomly inspected, and 13 batches of non-conforming products were found, with a failure detection rate of 8.1%.
（2） Track and spot check the situation. Up to 2022, there were 21 companies that failed the quality inspection of electric bicycle products, and 2 companies still failed the inspection.
2、 Analysis of spot check results
（1） Electric bicycles. A total of 80 batches of products from 34 production enterprises and 41 distribution units in Tianjin were randomly inspected, of which 8 batches were found to be unqualified, with a detection rate of 10%. The focus of the inspection was on the vehicle speed limit, braking performance (dry state), vehicle quality, structure, speed warning tone, water and water performance, reflectors, lighting and horn devices, electrical devices, chargers and batteries, fire performance, and other items. Unqualified projects include lighting, reflectors, speed warning tones, vehicle quality, chargers and batteries, short circuit protection, and wire wiring installation.
（2） Electric bicycle batteries. A total of 20 batches of products from 13 distribution units in Tianjin were randomly inspected. Key tests were conducted on projects such as 2hr capacity, high current discharge, energy density, low-temperature capacity, fast charging capacity, and explosion-proof capacity. No non-conforming products were found during this random inspection.
（3） Electric bicycle lights. A total of 50 batches of products from 44 vehicle factories in Tianjin were randomly inspected, of which 5 batches were found to be unqualified, with a detection rate of 10%. The inspection was focused on the lighting (photometric requirements) project. Non compliant items involve lighting (photometric requirements).
（4） Electric bicycle reflector. A total of 10 batches of products from 6 complete vehicle factories in Tianjin were randomly inspected. Emphasis was placed on the inspection of optical requirements. No non-conforming products were found during this random inspection.
3、 Possible hazards and main causes of non-conforming projects
（1） Electric bicycles
1. Lighting. If the brightness of the dark area of the front lights is too high, it is easy for cyclists to cause dazzling light from pedestrians and vehicle drivers on the opposite side during nighttime cycling, making them unable to accurately identify the position of electric bicycles, causing safety hazards. If the brightness of the rear lights is too low, it can easily make it difficult for cyclists to be recognized by other vehicles behind them when riding at night. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the light distribution design of the car's headlights does not meet the requirements, resulting in the light distribution of the car not meeting the standard requirements, and some light distribution areas have brightness exceeding or below the limit requirements.
2. Reflector. If the reflector of an electric bicycle cannot meet the optical performance required by the standard, it may be in a dark environment, causing surrounding vehicles to be unable to accurately detect the position and operation of the electric bicycle, which may pose a collision risk and endanger the personal safety of riders. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the optical performance of the reflector cannot meet the requirements of the standard.
3. Speed prompt sound. The function of the speed warning tone is to remind cyclists to pay attention to their own driving speed and to remind pedestrians of electric bicycles passing by. At the same time, it reminds cyclists to comply with traffic safety laws and ensure that the driving speed of non motorized vehicles does not exceed 15km/h. If the warning tone is too small or does not continuously sound when the speed reaches 15km/h, it cannot serve as an effective reminder, and pedestrians cannot pay attention and avoid the driving of electric bicycles in a timely manner, which can easily cause collision accidents. Excessive sound can lead to noise pollution and have an impact on the public environment. The main reasons for the disqualification of this project are the size of the beeping device (buzzer) and the placement of the buzzer during the assembly of electric bicycles, indicating that the enterprise has poor production consistency control during the assembly and production of electric bicycles. When the sound pressure level of the selected buzzer approaches the upper and lower limits, the opening direction and placement position of the buzzer directly affect the compliance of the test results.
4. Vehicle mass. The excessive weight of the entire vehicle increases the inertia of the vehicle. The larger the weight, the greater the inertia, and the greater the driving kinetic energy. The brake is designed according to the rated load capacity of the vehicle, and the braking distance increases after being overweight. Once encountering an emergency situation, failing to brake the wheels in a timely manner and stopping the vehicle within a safe distance can easily lead to traffic accidents. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the production enterprise did not strictly follow the principle of product consistency, resulting in inconsistency between the final product and the 3C certification product or illegal modification, thereby changing the overall quality of the vehicle body.
5. Battery tamper proof. Battery tamper prevention is mainly aimed at preventing users from illegally modifying electric bicycles after sale, thereby changing the safety design of the vehicle's circuit and avoiding potential safety hazards. For example, changing the battery capacity can cause unreasonable matching with the charger, and serious safety hazards such as battery leakage, smoke, and even explosion may occur during the charging process. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the installation position of the battery and battery box cannot be reasonably matched.
6. Charger. The quality of the charger is directly related to the safety of vehicle use. If it does not have necessary protective functions, it may lead to a fire during the charging process, seriously threatening personal safety and property damage. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the output line of the charger is damaged after being reversed.
7. Short circuit protection. If there is a lack of short circuit protection device in the circuit, it can lead to accidents during the charging and discharging process of electric bicycles that cannot cut off excessive current in the circuit, protect the safety of electrical devices, and easily cause the circuit to burn out and self ignite. The requirement for its specifications and parameters to comply with the instructions or other explicit regulations is that when the short-circuit protection device needs to be replaced due to various reasons, consumers can know which specification of the protection device to replace, thereby ensuring the safety of cycling and use. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the short circuit protection device was not installed in the charging line and battery output end of the electric bicycle according to the standard requirements, or the short circuit protection device installed was inconsistent with the specified specifications and parameters.
8. Wire wiring installation. As a daily means of transportation, electric bicycles have a high frequency of use, diverse usage environments, and involve a large number of people. If this requirement cannot meet the standard requirements, it is highly likely to cause wire skin wear, connector detachment, accidental electric shock, etc. during the use of electric bicycles, which may cause short circuits, damage electrical components, inability to ride normally, and even cause fire hazards, endangering personal and property safety. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the wire clamping device is made of metal material without insulation lining protection.
According to reports, the Tianjin Municipal Market Supervision Commission has recently carried out the first round of quality supervision and spot checks on electric bicycles, electric bicycle batteries, electric bicycle lights, and electric bicycle reflectors in Tianjin. The specific situation is as follows:
1、 Basic information
（1） Overview of spot checks. The products involved in this supervision and random inspection include electric bicycles, electric bicycle batteries, electric bicycle lights, and electric bicycle reflectors. A total of 160 batches of products were randomly inspected, and 13 batches of non-conforming products were found, with a failure detection rate of 8.1%.
（2） Track and spot check the situation. Up to 2022, there were 21 companies that failed the quality inspection of electric bicycle products, and 2 companies still failed the inspection.
2、 Analysis of spot check results
（1） Electric bicycles. A total of 80 batches of products from 34 production enterprises and 41 distribution units in Tianjin were randomly inspected, of which 8 batches were found to be unqualified, with a detection rate of 10%. The focus of the inspection was on the vehicle speed limit, braking performance (dry state), vehicle quality, structure, speed warning tone, water and water performance, reflectors, lighting and horn devices, electrical devices, chargers and batteries, fire performance, and other items. Unqualified projects include lighting, reflectors, speed warning tones, vehicle quality, chargers and batteries, short circuit protection, and wire wiring installation.
（2） Electric bicycle batteries. A total of 20 batches of products from 13 distribution units in Tianjin were randomly inspected. Key tests were conducted on projects such as 2hr capacity, high current discharge, energy density, low-temperature capacity, fast charging capacity, and explosion-proof capacity. No non-conforming products were found during this random inspection.
（3） Electric bicycle lights. A total of 50 batches of products from 44 vehicle factories in Tianjin were randomly inspected, of which 5 batches were found to be unqualified, with a detection rate of 10%. The inspection was focused on the lighting (photometric requirements) project. Non compliant items involve lighting (photometric requirements).
（4） Electric bicycle reflector. A total of 10 batches of products from 6 complete vehicle factories in Tianjin were randomly inspected. Emphasis was placed on the inspection of optical requirements. No non-conforming products were found during this random inspection.
3、 Possible hazards and main causes of non-conforming projects
（1） Electric bicycles
1. Lighting. If the brightness of the dark area of the front lights is too high, it is easy for cyclists to cause dazzling light from pedestrians and vehicle drivers on the opposite side during nighttime cycling, making them unable to accurately identify the position of electric bicycles, causing safety hazards. If the brightness of the rear lights is too low, it can easily make it difficult for cyclists to be recognized by other vehicles behind them when riding at night. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the light distribution design of the car's headlights does not meet the requirements, resulting in the light distribution of the car not meeting the standard requirements, and some light distribution areas have brightness exceeding or below the limit requirements.
2. Reflector. If the reflector of an electric bicycle cannot meet the optical performance required by the standard, it may be in a dark environment, causing surrounding vehicles to be unable to accurately detect the position and operation of the electric bicycle, which may pose a collision risk and endanger the personal safety of riders. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the optical performance of the reflector cannot meet the requirements of the standard.
3. Speed prompt sound. The function of the speed warning tone is to remind cyclists to pay attention to their own driving speed and to remind pedestrians of electric bicycles passing by. At the same time, it reminds cyclists to comply with traffic safety laws and ensure that the driving speed of non motorized vehicles does not exceed 15km/h. If the warning tone is too small or does not continuously sound when the speed reaches 15km/h, it cannot serve as an effective reminder, and pedestrians cannot pay attention and avoid the driving of electric bicycles in a timely manner, which can easily cause collision accidents. Excessive sound can lead to noise pollution and have an impact on the public environment. The main reasons for the disqualification of this project are the size of the beeping device (buzzer) and the placement of the buzzer during the assembly of electric bicycles, indicating that the enterprise has poor production consistency control during the assembly and production of electric bicycles. When the sound pressure level of the selected buzzer approaches the upper and lower limits, the opening direction and placement position of the buzzer directly affect the compliance of the test results.
4. Vehicle mass. The excessive weight of the entire vehicle increases the inertia of the vehicle. The larger the weight, the greater the inertia, and the greater the driving kinetic energy. The brake is designed according to the rated load capacity of the vehicle, and the braking distance increases after being overweight. Once encountering an emergency situation, failing to brake the wheels in a timely manner and stopping the vehicle within a safe distance can easily lead to traffic accidents. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the production enterprise did not strictly follow the principle of product consistency, resulting in inconsistency between the final product and the 3C certification product or illegal modification, thereby changing the overall quality of the vehicle body.
5. Battery tamper proof. Battery tamper prevention is mainly aimed at preventing users from illegally modifying electric bicycles after sale, thereby changing the safety design of the vehicle's circuit and avoiding potential safety hazards. For example, changing the battery capacity can cause unreasonable matching with the charger, and serious safety hazards such as battery leakage, smoke, and even explosion may occur during the charging process. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the installation position of the battery and battery box cannot be reasonably matched.
6. Charger. The quality of the charger is directly related to the safety of vehicle use. If it does not have necessary protective functions, it may lead to a fire during the charging process, seriously threatening personal safety and property damage. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the output line of the charger is damaged after being reversed.
7. Short circuit protection. If there is a lack of short circuit protection device in the circuit, it can lead to accidents during the charging and discharging process of electric bicycles that cannot cut off excessive current in the circuit, protect the safety of electrical devices, and easily cause the circuit to burn out and self ignite. The requirement for its specifications and parameters to comply with the instructions or other explicit regulations is that when the short-circuit protection device needs to be replaced due to various reasons, consumers can know which specification of the protection device to replace, thereby ensuring the safety of cycling and use. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the short circuit protection device was not installed in the charging line and battery output end of the electric bicycle according to the standard requirements, or the short circuit protection device installed was inconsistent with the specified specifications and parameters.
8. Wire wiring installation. As a daily means of transportation, electric bicycles have a high frequency of use, diverse usage environments, and involve a large number of people. If this requirement cannot meet the standard requirements, it is highly likely to cause wire skin wear, connector detachment, accidental electric shock, etc. during the use of electric bicycles, which may cause short circuits, damage electrical components, inability to ride normally, and even cause fire hazards, endangering personal and property safety. The main reason for the disqualification of this project is that the wire clamping device is made of metal material without insulation lining protection.
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